Search results for "induced [background]"

showing 10 items of 366 documents

Entrapment of amino acids in gas phase surfactant assemblies: The case of tryptophan confined in positively charged (1R,2S)-dodecyl (2-hydroxy-1-meth…

2017

The ability of positively charged aggregates of the surfactant (1R,2S)‐dodecyl (2‐hydroxy‐1‐methyl‐2‐phenylethyl))dimethylammonium bromide (DMEB) to incorporate D-tryptophan or L-tryptophan in the gas phase has been investigated by electrospray ion mobility mass spectrometry (ESI‐IM‐MS). Strongly impacted by the pH of the electrosprayed solutions, both protonated (T+) and deprotonated (T-) tryptophan are effectively included into the aggregates, whereas, tryptophan in zwitterionic (T0) form is practically absent in singly charged DMEB aggregates but can be found in multiply charged ones. The ability to incorporate tryptophan increases with the aggregation number and charge state of aggr…

Spectrometry Mass Electrospray IonizationSurfactant aggregateCollision-induced dissociationIon mobilityMolecular ConformationProtonationRandom hexamerGas-phase self-assembly010402 general chemistryPhotochemistry01 natural sciencesGas‐phase self‐assemblychemistry.chemical_compoundSurface-Active AgentsDeprotonationBromideCationsOrganic chemistryMoietyDMEBSpectroscopyAggregation number010401 analytical chemistryTryptophanTryptophanStereoisomerism0104 chemical sciencesQuaternary Ammonium CompoundschemistryGasesJournal of mass spectrometry : JMS
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Radiation-Induced Stable Radicals in Calcium Phosphates: Results of Multifrequency EPR, EDNMR, ESEEM, and ENDOR Studies

2021

This article presents the results of a study of radiation-induced defects in various synthetic calcium phosphate (CP) powder materials (hydroxyapatite—HA and octacalcium phosphate—OCP) by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy at the X, Q, and W-bands (9, 34, 95 GHz for the microwave frequencies, respectively). Currently, CP materials are widely used in orthopedics and dentistry owing to their high biocompatibility and physico-chemical similarity with human hard tissue. It is shown that in addition to the classical EPR techniques, other experimental approaches such as ELDOR-detected NMR (EDNMR), electron spin echo envelope modulation (ESEEM), and electronnuclear double resonance…

TechnologyMaterials scienceQH301-705.5QC1-999Radical02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesRadiation-induced centerSpectral linelaw.inventioncalcium phosphateCrystalEDNMRlawGeneral Materials ScienceBiology (General)Electron paramagnetic resonanceSpectroscopyQD1-999InstrumentationHyperfine structureFluid Flow and Transfer ProcessesTPhysicsProcess Chemistry and TechnologyGeneral EngineeringResonanceENDOREngineering (General). Civil engineering (General)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyHyperfine interaction3. Good health0104 chemical sciencesComputer Science Applicationshyperfine interactionChemistryCalcium phosphateQuadrupole:NATURAL SCIENCES [Research Subject Categories]ESEEMPhysical chemistryTA1-20400210 nano-technologyradiation-induced centerApplied Sciences
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Inhibitor-Induced Dimerization of an Essential Oxidoreductase from African Trypanosomes

2018

Trypanosomal and leishmanial infections claim tens of thousands of lives each year. The metabolism of these unicellular eukaryotic parasites differs from the human host and their enzymes thus constitute promising drug targets. Tryparedoxin (Tpx) from Trypanosoma brucei is the essential oxidoreductase in the parasite's hydroperoxide-clearance cascade. In vitro and in vivo functional assays show that a small, selective inhibitor efficiently inhibits Tpx. With X-ray crystallography, SAXS, analytical SEC, SEC-MALS, MD simulations, ITC, and NMR spectroscopy, we show how covalent binding of this monofunctional inhibitor leads to Tpx dimerization. Intra- and intermolecular inhibitor-inhibitor, pro…

TrypanosomaProtein ConformationSpermidineDimerTrypanosoma brucei bruceiAntiprotozoal AgentsMolecular Dynamics SimulationTrypanosoma brucei010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundThioredoxinsBacterial ProteinsIn vivoOxidoreductaseAnimalsHumansEnzyme Inhibitorschemistry.chemical_classificationbiology010405 organic chemistryHydrogen PeroxideGeneral ChemistryNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyLigand (biochemistry)biology.organism_classificationGlutathione0104 chemical sciencesEnzymechemistryBiochemistryDrug DesignChemically induced dimerizationProtein MultimerizationOxidoreductasesOxidation-ReductionProtein BindingAngewandte Chemie International Edition
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Induced and reduced unbounded operator algebras

2012

The induction and reduction precesses of an O*-vector space \({{\mathfrak M}}\) obtained by means of a projection taken, respectively, in \({{\mathfrak M}}\) itself or in its weak bounded commutant \({{\mathfrak M}^\prime_{\rm w}}\) are studied. In the case where \({{\mathfrak M}}\) is a partial GW*-algebra, sufficient conditions are given for the induced and the reduced spaces to be partial GW*-algebras again.

Unbounded operatorDiscrete mathematicsReduction (recursion theory)Applied MathematicsMathematics - Operator AlgebrasFOS: Physical sciencesMathematical Physics (math-ph)Space (mathematics)Centralizer and normalizerPrime (order theory)CombinatoricsProjection (relational algebra)Bounded functionInduced representationreduced representation: unbounded operator algebrasFOS: MathematicsOperator Algebras (math.OA)Mathematics::Representation TheoryMathematical PhysicsMathematics
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Visual acuity with computer simulated and lens-induced astigmatism

2014

[EN] The relationship between spherical and astigmatic refractive errors and their associated visual acuity is investigated in this work by means of two different approaches. In the first one, different refractive errors were induced in normal subjects by trial lenses. In the second one, defocused images were simulated numerically by the optical transfer function of a model eye and then judged by the same subjects. The amount of defocus (measured in terms of the modulus of the dioptric power vector) necessary to reduce the visual acuity to 0.1 logMAR and to 0.4 logMAR was computed with each method and then compared. We found that the visual system is clearly more tolerant to lens-induced de…

Visual acuitySimulated defocusFISICA APLICADAAstigmatismZernike polynomialsPower vectorvisual acuity simulated defocus astigmatism lens-induced defocus power vector Zernike polynomialsLens-induced defocus
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Natural and artificial radioactivity levels in Livingston Island (Antarctic regions).

1994

Radioactive contamination of the sea and land is due, on the one hand, to fallout from atmospheric atomic explosions since 1945, and, on the other, to emissions produced by nuclear and radioactive facilities. Given its geographic position far distant from the aforementioned main sources of radioactive contamination, Antarctica should have the lowest levels that can be measured on the Earth of artificial radionuclides in the various receptor media which are characteristic of the trophic chain. In the case of Antarctica, these are melt-water, sea-water, mosses, algae, and lichens. With the aim of contributing basic information on the radiation levels present in the Antarctic ecosystem, we hav…

Water Pollutants RadioactiveHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisPotassium RadioisotopesMineralogyInduced radioactivityAntarctic RegionsFresh WaterToxicologyTritiumRadioactive contaminationEcosystemSeawaterLichenShetlandRadionuclidegeographygeography.geographical_feature_categoryGeneral MedicinePollutionOceanographyArchipelagoStrontium RadioisotopesEnvironmental scienceUraniumEnvironmental PollutantsEnvironmental PollutionStrontium-90Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology
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Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

2021

Financial support provided by Scientific Research Project for Students and Young Researchers, Latvia Nr. SJZ/2018/7 realized at the Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia is greatly acknowledged. Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia as the Center of Excellence has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Framework Programme H2020-WIDESPREAD-01-2016-2017-TeamingPhase2 under grant agreement No. 739508, project CAMART2.

X-ray detectorX-ray beam induced currentnanowire:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]ZnOCdSSnO2
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Collinear laser spectroscopy of ZrII

2003

A new technique involving collinear laser spectroscopy of ion bunches has been used to study the radio-isotopes 87,87m,88,89,89m Zr.

X-ray laserMaterials scienceFar-infrared laserUltrafast laser spectroscopyLaser-induced breakdown spectroscopyTime-resolved spectroscopyAtomic physicsSpectroscopyCoherent spectroscopyIon
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Expression of the human XPB/ERCC-3 excision repair gene-homolog in the sponge Geodia cydonium after exposure to ultraviolet radiation.

1998

Abstract The marine demosponge Geodia cydonium encodes a gene, termed GCXPB , which displays 62% identity to the human XPB/ERCC-3 gene that specifically corrects the repair defect in xeroderma pigmentosum and in Cockayne's syndrome. The cDNA was isolated and characterized the deduced aa sequence, XPB_GEOCY, with the calculated size of 91,541 Da comprises the characteristic domains found in the related helicases. Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that the sponge sequence is grouped to the metazoan related XPB/ERCC-3 polypeptides. Northern Blot analyses have been performed with sponge samples collected at different depths, thus exposed to different intensities of UV sunlight in the field. T…

Xeroderma pigmentosumDNA ComplementaryDNA RepairUltraviolet RaysMolecular Sequence DataBiologyToxicologyRadiation ToleranceEvolution MolecularComplementary DNAGene expressionGeneticsmedicineAnimalsNorthern blotAmino Acid SequenceCloning MolecularMolecular BiologyGenePhylogenyGeneticsinduced dna-damage; xeroderma-pigmentosum; cockaynes-syndrome; alignment; biomarker; protein; stressSequence Homology Amino AcidNucleic acid sequenceDNA HelicasesHelicaseSequence Analysis DNAmedicine.diseaseMolecular biologyPoriferaUp-RegulationDNA-Binding Proteinsbiology.proteinNucleotide excision repairDNA DamageMutation research
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Developments for resonance ionization laser spectroscopy of the heaviest elements at SHIP

2016

Abstract The experimental determination of atomic levels and the first ionization potential of the heaviest elements ( Z ⩾ 100 ) is key to challenge theoretical predictions and to reveal changes in the atomic shell structure. These elements are only artificially produced in complete-fusion evaporation reactions at on-line facilities such as the GSI in Darmstadt at a rate of, at most, a few atoms per second. Hence, highly sensitive spectroscopic methods are required. Laser spectroscopy is one of the most powerful and valuable tools to investigate atomic properties. In combination with a buffer-gas filled stopping cell, the Radiation Detected Resonance Ionization Spectroscopy (RADRIS) techniq…

YtterbiumNuclear and High Energy Physics010308 nuclear & particles physicschemistry.chemical_elementInstrumental chemistry01 natural sciencesAtmospheric-pressure laser ionizationchemistryExcited state0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic PhysicsNobeliumLaser-induced breakdown spectroscopyIonization energyAtomic physics010306 general physicsSpectroscopyInstrumentationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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